{"id":2258,"date":"2020-03-26T19:18:05","date_gmt":"2020-03-26T19:18:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.gronenonline.com\/_gronen1\/?p=2258"},"modified":"2020-03-26T19:18:05","modified_gmt":"2020-03-26T19:18:05","slug":"understanding-covid-19-a-behavioral-corporate-social-responsibility-perspective","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.gronenonline.com\/_gronen1\/2020\/03\/26\/understanding-covid-19-a-behavioral-corporate-social-responsibility-perspective\/","title":{"rendered":"Understanding COVID-19: A Behavioral Corporate Social Responsibility Perspective"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Guest Blogger:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/hermanaguinis.com\/\">Herman Aguinis<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Avram Tucker Distinguished Scholar &amp; Professor of Management<\/p>\n<p>The George Washington University School of Business<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">In this short essay, I would like to explain why a behavioral perspective on corporate social responsibility (CSR) is useful in helping us understand and possibly also offer solutions for some of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and, more generally, other natural environmental disasters and stressors.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Our research over the past 15+ years has focused on behavioral CSR, which involves investigating CSR at the individual level of analysis in addition to the firm and institutional levels. In other words, it draws on the micro literature (e.g., organizational behavior, human resource management, industrial and organizational psychology) to examine the psychological foundations of CSR. This is not a typical perspective given that in our review or the CSR literature we discovered that only 4% of the articles in the 17 journals included in our content analysis focused on the individual level of analysis (Aguinis &amp; Glavas, 2012).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Our research focuses on a behavioral perspective on CSR because it is useful in that it allows us to understand <em>why, when, and how individuals perceive and react<\/em> to CSR\u2014and choose to lead or engage in CSR initiatives\u2014in particular ways (Aguinis, 2011). In turn, these individual-level perceptions and reactions have effects that permeate throughout the entire organization and beyond (e.g., customers, suppliers, society at large). Let me offer an illustration.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Consider the following reactions to COVID-19 by two different firms\u2014both engaging in CSR activities. Firm A does not integrate CSR into its strategy, routines, and operations, but Firm B does. For example, Firm A engages in some form of philanthropy to address the crisis, which is certainly a laudable and noble effort. On the other hand, Firm B integrates CSR into all activities and CSR permeates accounting, finance, human resources, marketing, operations, sales, and strategy. CSR is not something Firm B does, it is who they are. A behavioral perspective to CSR allows us to understand that these two approaches, which we label peripheral CSR and embedded CSR (Aguinis &amp; Glavas, 2013), lead to very different outcomes. Embedded CSR enhances perceptions of organizational justice, employees\u2019 positive selves (e.g., improved self-concept), and allows individuals to present more of their whole selves. So, it leads to improved employee engagement, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and organizational citizenship behaviors. A behavioral CSR lens allows us to understand that not all CSR-related reactions and interventions in response to COVID-19 will necessarily lead to similarly positive outcomes. Positive outcomes are more likely to take place if CSR is embedded rather than peripheral. A behavioral perspective to CSR allows us to understand why.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Our more recent research also adopting a behavioral perspective on CSR is also useful for understanding why employees <em>need<\/em> their firms to react in certain ways as a consequence of COVID-19. For example, in our recent <em>Journal of Management<\/em> article (Aguinis &amp; Glavas, 2019), we described the general\u00a0 process\u00a0 through\u00a0 which\u00a0 individuals\u00a0 give\u00a0 meaning\u00a0 to\u00a0 ongoing\u00a0 experiences , what is called sensemaking. The actions that firms and governments take in reaction to COVID-19 are what we call \u201csensemaking factors.\u201d During a time of crisis, individuals scan the environment and the way in which they perceive these sensemaking factors determine not just their attitudes toward their firms, but also their behavior such as whether they will choose to leave the firm or stay (Ng, Yam, &amp; Aguinis, 2019).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">I close this essay with the following questions based on a behavioral perspective to CSR that I hope will be fruitful in moving the conversation forward:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">How are leadership characteristics related to firms\u2019 reactions to COVID-19?<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">What theories in human resource management and organizational behavior can be used to improve our understanding of the relation between CSR and COVID-19 (and other pandemics natural environmental disasters)?<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">What are the effects of programs in reaction to COVID-19 whereby employees engage in community service activities while receiving compensation from their firms?<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Is there a relationship between diversity and inclusion and responses to COVID-19?<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">How does the behavior of individual employees promote or prevent the successful implementation of CSR interventions in relation to COVID-19?<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">What organizational systems and process prevent the successful implementation of CSR initiatives related to COVID-19?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">I look forward to your reactions and comments! \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>References <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">[available at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hermanaguinis.com\/pubs.html\">http:\/\/www.hermanaguinis.com\/pubs.html<\/a>]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Aguinis, H. 2011. Organizational responsibility: Doing good and doing well. In S. Zedeck (Ed.), <em>APA handbook of industrial and organizational psychology<\/em>: vol. 3, 855-879. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Aguinis, H., &amp; Glavas, A. 2012. What we know and don\u2019t know about corporate social responsibility: A review and research agenda. <em>Journal of Management<\/em>, 38: 932-968.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Aguinis, H., &amp; Glavas, A. 2013. Embedded versus peripheral corporate social responsibility: Psychological foundations. <em>Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice<\/em>, 6: 314-332.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Aguinis, H., &amp; Glavas, A. 2019. On corporate social responsibility, sensemaking, and the search for meaningfulness through work. <em>Journal of Management<\/em>, 45: 1057-1086.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Ng, T. W. H., Yam, K. C., &amp; Aguinis, H. 2019. Employee perceptions of corporate social responsibility: Effects on pride, embeddedness, and turnover. <em>Personnel Psychology<\/em>, 72: 107-137.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Guest Blogger: Herman Aguinis Avram Tucker Distinguished Scholar &amp; Professor of Management The George Washington University School of Business In this short essay, I would like to explain why a &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Understanding COVID-19: A Behavioral Corporate Social Responsibility Perspective | Gronen<\/title>\n<meta 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